Search results for "valence [quark]"

showing 10 items of 37 documents

Maxillofacial trauma due to traffic accidents and falls: an exploratory study of associated factors

2020

Background This study aimed to determine the pattern of Maxillofacial trauma (MFT) due to traffic accidents and falls in a reference hospital in a rural region of northeastern Brazil between December 2011 and December 2018 and to identify associated factors. Material and Methods This was a cross-sectional study using 585 medical records of patients with MFT. The data were subjected to a Poisson-Tweedie multiple regression analysis to estimate the Prevalence ratio (PR), with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and a significance level of p<0.05. Results MFT due to traffic accidents was more prevalent among patients 21 to 40 years old (PR=2.30; 95% CI=1.20-4.41; p<0.001) diagnosed with zygomat…

AdultMaleatopyMEDLINEExploratory researchYoung AdultOral Cancer and Potentially malignant disordersStatistical significanceEnvironmental healthHumansMedicinePrevalence ratiotacrolimusGeneral DentistryUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICASZygomatic Fracturesbusiness.industryResearchMedical recordAccidents TrafficRegression analysisConfidence intervalCross-Sectional StudiesOtorhinolaryngology cheilitisMaxillofacial InjuriesSurgerybusinessBrazilMedicina Oral Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal
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Associations of low back pain with neck pain: a study of industrial employees with 5-, 10-, and 28-year follow-ups.

2007

Low back pain (LBP) and neck pain (NP) are common among the adult population but relatively few reports exist on the associations between these. We examined cross-sectional and prospective relationships of LBP with NP in an employee cohort studied repeatedly over 28 years. Locally perceived pain was studied separately from pain with a radiating component. At baseline, adjusted for age, gender, and occupational class, the prevalence ratio (PR) of local NP for those with local LBP was 1.93 (95% CI 1.47–2.54), and for those with radiating LBP 2.16 (1.59–2.94), while the PR of radiating NP for those with local LBP was 1.51 (0.97–2.35) and for those with radiating LBP 3.24 (2.25–4.65). These ass…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsAdolescentAdult populationComorbidityPerceived painTimeCohort StudiesYoung AdultAge DistributionOccupational ExposuremedicineHumansIndustryLongitudinal StudiesPrevalence ratioSex DistributionAgedNeck painSex CharacteristicsReferred painNeck Painbusiness.industryMiddle AgedLow back painnervous system diseasesOccupational DiseasesAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineCross-Sectional StudiesCohortPhysical therapypopulation characteristicsFemalemedicine.symptombusinessLow Back PainCohort studyFollow-Up StudiesEuropean journal of pain (London, England)
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Upper and lower generalized factoraggregations based on fuzzy equivalence relation

2014

We develop the concept of a general factoraggre-gation operator introduced by the authors on the basis of an equivalence relation and applied in two recent papers for analysis of bilevel linear programming solving parameters. In the paper this concept is generalized by using a fuzzy equivalence relation instead of the crisp one. By using a left-continuous t-norm and its residuum we define and investigate two modifications of such generalized construction: upper and lower generalized factoraggregations. These generalized factoraggregations can be used for construction of extensional fuzzy sets.

AlgebraDiscrete mathematicsFuzzy classificationFuzzy setEquivalence relationFuzzy numberGeneralized linear array modelFuzzy set operationsFuzzy subalgebraDefuzzificationMathematics2014 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)
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An Overview on Algebraic Structures

2016

This chapter recaps and formalizes concepts used in the previous sections of this book. Furthermore, this chapter reorganizes and describes in depth the topics mentioned at the end of Chap. 1, i.e. a formal characterization of the abstract algebraic structures and their hierarchy. This chapter is thus a revisited summary of concepts previously introduced and used and provides the mathematical basis for the following chapters.

AlgebraEquivalence class (music)Ring theoryHierarchy (mathematics)Algebraic structureEquivalence relationBasis (universal algebra)Commutative ringCharacterization (mathematics)Mathematics
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GEOMETRIC EQUIVALENCE OF ALGEBRAS

2001

In this paper, we study the geometric equivalence of algebras in several varieties of algebras. We solve some of the problems formulated in [2], in particular, that of geometric equivalence for real-closed fields and finitely generated commutative groups.

AlgebraMorphismGeneral MathematicsEquivalence relationFinitely-generated abelian groupEquivalence (formal languages)Adequate equivalence relationMatrix equivalenceCommutative propertyMathematicsInternational Journal of Algebra and Computation
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On Extensional Fuzzy Sets Generated by Factoraggregation

2014

We develop the concept of a general factoraggregation operator introduced by the authors on the basis of an equivalence relation and applied in two recent papers for analysis of bilevel linear programming solving parameters. In the paper this concept is generalized by using a fuzzy equivalence relation instead of the crisp one. We show how the generalized factoraggregation can be used for construction of extensional fuzzy sets and consider approximations of arbitrary fuzzy sets by extensional ones.

AlgebraOperator (computer programming)Basis (linear algebra)Approximations of πFuzzy setEquivalence relationBilevel linear programmingExtensional definitionFuzzy equivalence relationMathematics
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Weak associativity and restricted rotation

2009

A restricted rotation induced by a weak associative law is introduced. The corresponding equivalence relation is identical to the Glivenko congruence on Tamari lattices, i.e. lattices of binary trees endowed by the well-known rotation operation.

CombinatoricsBinary treeLattice (order)Signal ProcessingEquivalence relationAssociative propertyComputer Science ApplicationsInformation SystemsTheoretical Computer ScienceMathematicsInformation Processing Letters
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A space on which diameter-type packing measure is not Borel regular

1999

We construct a separable metric space on which 1-dimensional diameter-type packing measure is not Borel regular.

CombinatoricsBorel equivalence relationRiesz–Markov–Kakutani representation theoremApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsRadon measureStandard probability spaceBaire measureBorel setBorel measureMeasure (mathematics)MathematicsProceedings of the American Mathematical Society
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Lp-Spaces

1998

For (X, ℜ, μ) a positive measure space, it has already been noted that μ - a.e. equality is an equivalence relation, and the relation ≤ μ-a.e. a preorder, on.This section studies the structure of the equivalence classes into which μ-a,e. equality partitions.Since the set X/X( ℜ) is always u-null (2.7.7 a)), only the function values on the set X(ℜ) have any significance when equivalence classes are formed: whether we form equivalence classes by partitioning or by partitioningX(ℜ) the resulting structures will be isomorphic. Nevertheless, it is natural to allow functions on an arbitrary X ⊃ X(ℜ). Our choice is to form μ-equivalence classes by partitioning the set X(ℜ). For arbitrary X ⊃ X(ℜ),…

CombinatoricsClass (set theory)Section (category theory)PreorderStructure (category theory)Equivalence relationFunction (mathematics)Space (mathematics)Measure (mathematics)Mathematics
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Efficient Spin Torques in Antiferromagnetic CoO/Pt Quantified by Comparing Field- and Current-Induced Switching

2020

We achieve current-induced switching in collinear insulating antiferromagnetic CoO/Pt, with fourfold in-plane magnetic anisotropy. This is measured electrically by spin Hall magnetoresistance and confirmed by the magnetic field-induced spin-flop transition of the CoO layer. By applying current pulses and magnetic fields, we quantify the efficiency of the acting current-induced torques and estimate a current-field equivalence ratio of 4×10^{-11}  T A^{-1} m^{2}. The Neel vector final state (n⊥j) is in line with a thermomagnetoelastic switching mechanism for a negative magnetoelastic constant of the CoO.

Condensed Matter::Materials ScienceMagnetic anisotropyMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsMagnetoresistanceGeneral Physics and AstronomyAntiferromagnetismTorqueCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsSpin-½Equivalence ratioMagnetic fieldPhysical Review Letters
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